The preliminary literature review helps identify major literature that supports and validates the topic. The literature review focuses on areas that support new research and provides the student with the opportunity to analyze and synthesize previous research in the context of their current problem. Just like most academic articles, literature reviews should contain at least three basic elements: an introduction or background information section, the body of the review containing the discussion of sources, and finally, a conclusion section and /or recommendations for finishing the article. A literature review is a survey of scientific articles, books, and other sources relevant to a particular topic. question, area of ​​research or theory, and in doing so provide a description, summary and. Literature cannot be ignored and literature review plays a vital role in supporting the production of credible knowledge in a scholarly and scientific manner, so that it is resilient. Proactive behavior is individual spontaneity to make changes to the environment. work system or work role or itself Griffin et al. 2007. The first characteristic of proactive behavior is taking action. A literature review may be part of a research article or may be an article in itself. For the first, the literature review is intended as a foundation on which your own current study is designed and built. The latter constitutes a synthesis of previous studies and is a means of highlighting future research programs or a framework. Writing a Literature ReviewThis article aims to identify an effective knowledge management strategy for Malaysian modern retail chains. The KM strategy literature was first reviewed, followed by a discussion of definitions and corresponding author. Tel: 6-017-300-0739 Fax: 6-082-260-815. Email address: protected email. United government in the Western world in comparative perspective: A preliminary review and exploration of the literature. University of Birmingham. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic. Google Scholar. Motivation research has attracted academics and businesses over the past two decades. In the present study, the authors reviewed the extensive literature to extract all possible dimensions of motivation, having a direct and indirect impact on motivation techniques. This examined the multidimensionality of motivation from,